How many inhabitants does london have

In the late s, the level of net migration increased from the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands. Rises in immigration have tended to coincide with expansion of the European Union, allowing more people to freely migrate to the UK. The rise in net migration in can in part be attributed to instability in countries in Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. International immigration by students increased during the late s, peaking between and In addition to the direct effect of net migration on the size of the population, current and past international migration also has indirect effects on the size and structure of the population: migrants tend to arrive as young adults aged in their 20s to early 40s and they change the numbers of births and deaths in the UK.

For example, statistics on the number of births by the country of birth of the mother show that , live births However, this figure should not be interpreted as an estimate of the indirect effect of migration on the size of the population; it is only one aspect of this. A fuller assessment would consider:. The median and quartile ages can be used to assess how age is changing over time for a population. The median age is the age at which half the population is older and half the population is younger than the given value.

The lower quartile age of the UK population is the age at which three-quarters of the population is older than the given value and a quarter of the population is younger than the given value. The upper quartile age of the UK population is the age at which a quarter of the population is older than the given value and three-quarters of the population is younger than the given value.

The median age for the UK population rose from This is its highest ever value and the figure shows that the UK population has been consistently getting older. The lower quartile age of the UK population has risen from Over the same period the upper quartile age of the UK population has risen from The difference between the median age and the lower quartile age of the UK population narrowed through the s and s, falling from It then started to widen and in reached The difference between the median and the upper quartile range of the UK population has fallen from The distribution of ages within the UK can be seen in Table 3.

Numbers may not sum to due to rounding. Download this table Table 3: Age distribution of the UK population, to projected. The proportion of the UK population who are of traditional working age 16 to 64 has remained relatively stable over the last 40 years, but is projected to decline in future years. The proportion of children in the UK population has fallen from over a quarter in to less than a fifth in This proportion is projected to fall even further in future years.

Conversely the proportion of those aged 65 or over increased by 3. This proportion is projected to increase by a further 6. This rise in proportion of the population indicates that the UK has an ageing population. Figure 4 shows the UK population aged 90 or older as a rate of the total UK population. The figure shows that the proportion of population aged 90 or over has been steadily increasing since the early s.

There was a decrease in the mids, because of the effects of World War I, including associated changes in birth cohort size, as well as the influenza pandemic in the early 20th century. While living longer is a cause for celebration, an ageing population becomes a concern as there may be fewer people of working age to support those of pension age.

The old age dependency ratio OADR shows the relative size of the working-age and pensioner populations, which is the number of people of or above state pension age SPA for every 1, people of working age. While the relationship is complicated by whether those of working age and pension age are economically active, it provides a good indicator of the issue.

However, as a result of planned SPA increases taking place between and under current legislation, the population projections suggest that, if current demographic trends continue, in there would be people of or above SPA for every 1, people of working age. International migration affects the OADR in the short-term since migrants tend to be of working age. The population projections suggest that if there was no international migration, in there would be people of or above SPA for every 1, people of working age.

This implies that international migration is projected to reduce the OADR by 36 people of SPA or above for every 1, people of working age. While the age distribution is useful, if we want to understand how distributions by age and sex vary throughout a population we need to use a population pyramid. The population pyramid for the UK in is in Figure 5. Figure 5 shows several events that affected the UK population.

The spike in births after the end of World War II can be seen in the relatively large number of year-olds when compared with year-olds in The low fertility of the s can be seen in the relatively small number of people in their mids to earlys. The low fertility in the early s can be seen in the relatively small number of those in their early teens. Figure 5 also shows that the shape of the UK population by age was broadly similar for males and females in At older ages women begin to outnumber men; this shows up particularly in the final grouped age band: 90 and over.

The differences between the sexes at different ages can be analysed by interpreting a sex ratio by single year of age, which can be seen in Figure 6. The sex ratio is the number of males per females in the population.

Since the s, the overall UK sex ratio has generally been rising and is moving towards equality, increasing from The sex ratio has also grown faster since , increasing by 1. Figure 6 shows that the UK sex ratio was higher than for every childhood age. This reflects that more boys than girls were born. The changing UK sex ratio for the working age population is primarily due to international migration. The sex ratio falls rapidly for those in their 20s, by 5 males per females from for 20 year olds to for 29 year olds and at age 27 the sex ratio falls below for the first time, meaning that there were more women than men at this age.

Changes in the UK sex ratio in the last few years of working age and older are primarily due to mortality. From age 70, the UK sex ratio fell rapidly, dropping below 90 from age 72 and ending at 40 males per females for those aged 90 and over. The age group spreads out across the country, especially going to cities such as Nottingham, Coventry and Brighton. The most common reason is to start university.

It is safe to assume the other age groups - the children up to four years old and the somethings - are leaving together. Paddington train station isn't full of unaccompanied toddlers with their suitcases. These are the young families moving out of the capital, very often in search of homes for less than London's notoriously high prices. Yet this does not mean that they are giving up on London altogether and returning "home" to the other parts of the country they first moved from.

Unlike people moving for university, many stay within commuting distance. Two-thirds of these age groups remain in what might be called "the Greater South East" - an area stretching from Southampton up to Milton Keynes and across to Norfolk. So while they no longer live in the city, they still have the option to work there. And the , people who commute into London each day - more than the entire population of cities such as Leeds and Bristol - suggest that many of them do.

Among those Londoners who remain past their 30s more continue to leave than arrive, albeit in smaller numbers. These flows of people - the arrival of large numbers of young people and the departure of many of those who are older - also explains why London is such a young city. With an average age of 37, its population is the sixth youngest of any large town or city in the UK. Oxford, Cambridge and Coventry all have populations with an average age under 36, while in Swansea and Sunderland, the oldest, it is London's experience differs to other big British cities.

Places like Liverpool, Sheffield, Newcastle and Nottingham have also seen their population and economies grow. But the waves of people arriving and leaving are very different. They see two waves of people leaving - one for those aged many of whom head to London and a second for people aged over The inflow and first wave of out-migration is related to universities.

These cities have a number of universities in them and attract many thousands of students from across the country, including London. More stories like this. But many of these students leave the cities behind as easily as they moved to them once they graduate. According to census records, the number of people living in London increased more than fivefold from , in to 5,, in For much of the 19th century and the early 20th century, London was the largest city in the world.

The first half of the 20th century saw sustained, and fairly rapid growth and London's population reached its highest point in By the outbreak of the second world war, 8,, people were living in London, although by then it had just lost its status as the largest city in the world to New York. From the end of the World War II until the s, London saw its population gradually decline, as the city lost its status as the hub of Empire and one of the world's greatest trading cities.

However, a population boom in the s occurred, and increasing prosperity combined with increased immigration has once again resulted in an increase in population.

Just 20 years later, the population had increased to 7,, at the time of the census, and further increases are expected to push the population past 9 million by The current projection puts the London population at 9,, according to the London Datastore.

London as a city is considerably more diverse than the rest of the United Kingdom. The section on ethnicity below, compiled using census data from the ONS provides details of the ethnicity of London residents compared to residents of England and Wales.

London's diversity can also be seen in statistics for London residents' country of birth. Of the 8. Of these, approximately a third were born within European Union countries, while the other two-thirds were born outside of the European Union.

The most common country of birth for London residents outside of the UK is India. According to the census, , people living in London were born in India. London is the most diverse area within the UK when it comes to religious beliefs, with the highest percentage of people identifying as Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu or Jewish.

The latest data from the census recorded that A large proportion, You can see the specific numbers from the census in the religion section below. London Population 9,,